Thus, the control signal arrives at the nonlinear medium in the upper arm of the MZI earlier than at the lower arm, resulting in a temporal offset between the nonlinear phase shifts induced in the two MZI arms. The control signal going to the upper arm has a shorter path length than the one going to the lower arm, and the path difference (Δ t) is adjustable for controlling the width of the switching window. A CW signal is split into two branches at the input coupler, C 1 of the MZI, while the control signal is split into two copies using a polarization beam splitter (PBS) and is injected into the two MZI arms separately through optical couplers (C 2 and C 3). The MZI is built using two optical couplers (C 1 and C 4) and two nonlinear media in each of the arms of the interferometer. The configuration of the MZI switch with two control signals is shown in Fig. 7.8.
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